Bible history

The Apocryphal Period

Blackwood’s Comprehensive Aids to the Study of the Bible · Vol. I, p. 48

Begins on Vol. I, p. 48

From Malachi to John the Baptist.

Transcriber’s note four parallel chronology columns (Israelites; Persia, Syria and Egypt; Europe), each with its own Before Christ column; rows aligned by printed line position. From 285 B.C. the Persia/Syria/Egypt column splits into two sub-columns, Egypt and Syria (Syria with its own Before Christ column), marked by an in-table sub-heading row; columns 5-6 are used only after that split.

Before Christ.	Events in the History of the Israelites.	Before Christ.	Contemporaneous Events in Persia, Syria and Egypt.	Before Christ.		Before Christ.	Contemporaneous Events in Europe.
413	Joiada, Judas or Jehoiada high priest.	405	Artaxerxes Mnemon, Persia.			404	Euclid.
373	Jonathan, John or Johanan high priest.	401	Death of Cyrus the younger.			401	Retreat of Ten Thousand.
351	Ochus, king of Persia, plants Jews near the Caspian.	381	Artaxerxes Ochus, Persia.			397	Xeuxis.
341	Jaddua high priest.	350	Egypt recovered by Persians.			389	Plato.
332	Alexander, having destroyed Tyre, visits Jerusalem; plants Jews in Alexandria.	335	Darius Codomanus, Persia.			363	Mantinea; death of Epaminondas.
		331	Alexander defeats Persia on the Granicus, 334; at Issus, 333; at Arbela, the Persian empire ends.
324	Alexander dies; his kingdom divided.
321	Onias I. high priest.					356	Birth of Alexander.
320	Ptolemy Lagus captures Jerusalem; plants Jews in Alexandria and Cyrene.					345	Aristotle.
		324	Ptolemy Lagus, Egypt.			338	Demosthenes.
		312	Seleucus I.; Nicator, Syria.			334	Apelles.
312	Seleucus obtains Syria; era of the Seleucidæ.	312	Empire of Seleucus from Antioch to India.			295	Epicurus.
306	The dominions of Alexander formed into four kingdoms, as foretold by Daniel.	291	Seleucus on the Tigris built.			281	Theocritus.
		285	Dionysius (Alex.) determines solar year.			280	Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, enters Italy.
300	Simon the Just high priest.
			Egypt.	Before Christ.	Syria.
292	Eleazar high priest.					268	[Berosus,
285	Version of the LXX. commenced at Alexandria.					261	Manetho, Egyptians.]
250	Onias II. high priest.					264	First Punic war.
246	Ptolemy Euergetes offers sacrifices at Jerusalem.	285	P. Philadelph.	280	Antiochus I.	258	Regulus prisoner.
216	Ptolemy Philopater, prevented from entering the holy of holies, attempts to destroy the Jews in Alexandria, but is miraculously prevented.			261	Ant. II. Theos.	236	Archimedes.
		247	P. Euergetes I.	246	Sel. II. Callinic.	220	Plautus.
				226	Sel. III. Keraun.	224	Colossus of Rhodes overthrown.
203	Antiochus the Great obtains Palestine.	222	P. Philopater.	223	Ant. III. the Great.	220	Hannibal.
200	The sect of the Sadducees founded.	205	P. Epiphanes.			218	Second Punic war.
199	Scopas, an Egyptian general, recovers Judea to the king of Egypt.	190	First Roman army in Asia.			216	Battle of Cannæ.
						210	Zeno.
198	Antiochus regains Judea.			187	Sel. IV. Philop.	202	Hannibal defeated in Africa by Scipio Africanus.
195	Onias III. high priest.
176	Heliodorus, attempting to plunder the temple, is prevented by an angel.	181	P. Philometh.	175	Ant. IV. Epiph.	190	Scipio Asiaticus.
				164	Ant. V. Eup.
170	Antiochus Epiphanes takes Jerusalem, slays 40,000 persons and profanes the temple.			162	Demetr. Soler defeated and slain by.
167	Antiochus persecutes the Jews.
165	Judas Maccabæus purifies the temple and institutes the feast of dedication.			150	Alexander Balas.
161	Judas Maccabæus slain; his brother Jonathan succeeds.
149	Onias builds a temple in Egypt like that in Jerusalem.					149	Third Punic war, lasts three years.
144	Jonathan, murdered by Tryphon, is succeeded by Simon his brother, who is made ruler by Demetrius.	146	P. Physcon.	146	Demet. Nicat.	148	Carthage destroyed.
		144	P. Physcon.	144	Ant. VI. Theos.	148	Corinth destroyed.
143	The sovereignty and priesthood confirmed by the Jews to Simon and his posterity.			143	Tryphon.
				139	Ant. VII.	136	Scipio Nasica.
136	Simon murdered; John Hyrcanus his son succeeds him.			130	Demet. Nic. II.	133	Tiberius Gracchus.
135	The Pharisees.			127	Alexander.
130	John Hyrcanus throws off the Syrian yoke and makes himself independent. He destroys the temple on Mount Gerizim.			123	Ant. VIII.
		116	P. Lathyrus.
110	The Essenes.			111	Ant. IX.	111	Jugurthine war (five years).
106	Aristobulus succeeds his father Hyrcanus and assumes the title of king.			108	Ant. VIII. and IX.
				93	Philip and Ant. X.	100	Julius Cæsar born.
105	Alexander Jannæus succeeds his brother Aristobulus and reigns for 27 years.	88	P. Alexander.	92	Demetrius Euc.	88	Civil war. Marius and Sylla.
78	Jannæus dies. Alexandra his wife succeeds and makes her son Hyrcanus high priest, and favors the Pharisees.	81	P. Auletes?	83	Tigranes of Armenia.	81	Cicero's first oration.
						71	Spartacns.
69	Alexandra dies. Hyrcanus succeeds, but is forced to yield the crown to his younger brother, Aristobulus.			69	Ant. XI.	69	Lucullus defeats Mithridates and Tigranes.
65	Pompey the Great reduces Syria to a Roman province. Hyrcanus endeavors to regain the crown.	55	P. Auletes.	65	Pompey makes it a Roman province.
						63	Catiline conspiracy.
63	Pompey, appealed to by Hyrcanus and Aristobulus, decides for the former; he takes Jerusalem and makes Judea tributary.					60	First triumvir.: Pompey, Cæsar, Crassus.
			Roman Governors.		Roman Governors.	60	Catullus.
57	Aristobulus and his son Alexander, raising disturbances, are vanquished by Gabinius, the Roman governor of Syria.	55	Gabinius.			57	Sallust.
						50	Cornelius Nepos, Varro.
						49	Battle of Pharsalia.
54	Crassus plunders the temple.	51	Cleopatra.			46	Cæsar reforms calendar.
47	Antipater, being appointed by Julius Cæsar procurator of Judea, makes his son Herod governor of Galilee, and Phasael, of Jerusalem.			51	Bibulus.	44	Cæsar slain. Diodorus Sic.
				50	Q. M. Scipio.	42	Battle of Philippi.
				47	S. Cæsar.
44	Walls of Jerusalem rebuilt.			43	Cassius.	44	Second triumv.: Oct., Ant., Lepidus.
43	Antipater poisoned; Herod and Phasael revenge his death.			38	Ventidius.
40	The Parthians, having taken Jerusalem, slay Phasael and place Antigonus, son of Aristobulus, upon the throne. Herod flies to Rome and is appointed king of Judea.			39	Parthians invade Syria, 50; and are fiercely expelled by Vent.
37	Herod takes Jerusalem, beheads Antigonus and is established as king of Judea; reigns 34 years					36	Lepidus expelled the triumv.
						33	War between Oct. and Ant.
35	Herod makes Aristobulus, brother of his wife Mariamne, high priest, but afterwards murders him.	30	Made a Roman province by Octavius.	34	Plaucus.	31	Battle of Actium.
				27	Messala C.	27	Octavius emperor, with title of Cæsar Augustus.
25	Herod rebuilds Samaria and calls it Sebaste.
22	Herod begins to build Cæsarea. Trachonitis, Auranitis and Batanea are added to his dominions.			22	Agrippa.	31	Mæcenas.
						29	Horace.
17	Herod, after two years' preparation, begins to rebuild and enlarge the temple.					27	Propertius.
						25	Livy.
						21	Tibullus.
6	Zacharias receives the announcement respecting the birth of John the Baptist. The Canon of the New Testament begins.			13	S. Saturninus and T. Volumnius.	20	Ovid.
						5	Dion. Halicarn.