The Second Book of the Chronicles
2 Chronicles 8
Chapter VIII · Vol. II, pp. 852–854
1 Solomon's buildings. 7 The Gentiles which were left Solomon made tributaries, but the Israelites rulers. 11 Pharaoh's daughter removeth to her house. 12 Solomon's yearly solemn sacrifices. 14 He appointeth the priests and Levites to their places. 17 The navy fetcheth gold from Ophir.
1 And ita came to pass at the end of twenty years, wherein Solomon had built the house of the LORD, and his own house,
a 1 Ki.9.10.
2 That the cities which Huram bhad restored to Solomon,1 Solomon built them, and caused the children of Israel to dwell there.
A.M. 3014. B.C. 990.
b 1 Ki.9.11.
1 Solomon had ceded certain cities to Hiram, 1 Ki.9.12, with which Hiram expressed little satisfaction. And these being restored, either because Hiram did not like them, or by virtue of a treaty, Solomon rebuilt and colonized them with a part of the teeming population.—C.
4 And he built dTadmor2 in the wilderness, and all the store-cities which he built in Hamath.
d 1 Ki.9.18,19.
2 The Palmyra of the Greeks (Josephus, Antiq. viii. 6). A splendid city situated in an oasis, or green fertile island, so to speak, in the midst of an ocean of sand. It is totally in ruins, but their extent and magnificence continue to attest what it was, and what God's judgments are upon proud and luxurious cities and nations.—C.
5 Also he built eBeth-horon the upper, and Beth-horon the nether, fenced cities, with walls, gates, and bars;
6 And fBaalath, and all the store-cities that Solomon had, and all the chariot-cities, and the cities of the horsemen, and gall that Solomon desired to build in Jerusalem, and in Lebanon, and throughout all the land of his dominion.
f Jos.15.11,60; 18.14. 2 Sa.6.2.
g Heb. all the desire of Solomon which he desired to build, 1 Ki.9.19. Ec.2.4-10.
7 As for all the people that were left of the hHittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, which were not of Israel,
h Ge.10.15,16; 15.19-21. Ex.3.8; 23.23. De.7.1. Ps.106.34. Ju.1.19,21,27-36; 2.3,21.
8 But of their children, who were left after them in the land, iwhom the children of Israel consumed not, them did Solomon make kto pay tribute until this day.3
i Ps.106.34. Ju.1.19-36.
k 1 Ki.5.13,14; 9.21. ch.2.17,18. Ju.1.28,30,33.
3 The books of Chronicles embrace a period subsequent to the captivity; but even then these aborigines, under the name of the servants of David, seem to have continued under this vassalage. C.——It is probable that they had renounced idolatry, and were spared upon terms similar to those granted to the Gibeonites. They and their posterity seem to have been afterwards called 'Solomon's servants,' to distinguish them from the Nethinims, Ezr.2.55-58. 1 Ki.9.21.—I.
9 But lof the children of Israel did Solomon make no servants for his work; but they were men of war, and chief of his captains, and captains of his chariots and horsemen.
l 1 Ki.9.22. Ex.19.5,6. Ga.3.26-29; 4.26. Jn.8.36.
10 And these were the chief of king Solomon's officers, even mtwo hundred and fifty, that bare rule over the people.
m 1 Ki.9.23. The 300 added, ch.2.18, are omitted here.
11 And Solomon nbrought up the daughter of Pharaoh out of the city of David unto the house that he had built for her: for he said, My wife shall not dwell in the house of David king of Israel, because the places are holy,4 whereunto the ark of the LORD hath come.5
4 Heb. holinesses.
5 At a time when Solomon still retained such feelings of piety (see also ver.12-14), it is by no means probable that he would have chosen an idolatrous wife, as some suppose him here to intimate. Does he not rather remove her, that the 'house of David' may be rescued from more domestic occupation, and dedicated to religious purposes?—C.
12 Then Solomon offered burnt-offerings unto the LORD on othe altar of the LORD, which he had built before the porch,
o ch.4.1. 1 Ki.8.64.
13 Even after a certain rate every pday, offering according to the commandment of Moses, on the sabbaths, and on the new-moons, and on the solemn feasts, qthree times in the year, even in the feast of unleavened bread, and in the feast of weeks, and in the feast of tabernacles.
p Ex.29.38-42. De.16.16. Nu.xxviii. xxix. Le.xxiii. 1 Ki.9.25. 1 Ch.16.40.
q Ex.23.14,17; 34.23.
14 And he appointed, according to the order of David his father, the rcourses of the priests to their service, and the Levites to their charges, to praise and minister before the priests, as the duty of every day required; the porters also by their courses at every gate: for sso had David the man of God6 commanded.
A.M. 3014. B.C. 990.
r 1 Ch.6.31-33; 9.17; xxiv. xxvi.
s Heb. so was the commandment of David the man of God, 2 Sa.23.2. Ac.13.22,36.
6 The man chosen in the wisdom and called to the service of God; raised up by his will to honour and power, instructed and endowed by his Spirit, renewed in his image, and authorized by his prophetic commission.—C.
15 And they departed not from the commandment of the king unto the priests and Levites concerning any matter, or concerning tthe treasures.
16 Now all the work of Solomon was uprepared unto the day of the foundation of the house of the LORD, and until it was finished. So the house of the LORD was perfected.
18 And Huram zsent him, by the hands of his servants, ships,7 and servants that had knowledge of the sea; and they went with the servants of Solomon to aOphir, and took thence four bhundred and fifty talents of gold[≈ 15 tonnes · 15 tons · gold worth ≈ US$2,000 million], and brought them to king Solomon.
z 1 Ki.9.27,28. ch.9.10,13.
7 How could Huram send ships from Tyre in the Mediterranean to Ezion-geber in the Red Sea? Without reference to the geographical possibility of sending them by the Cape of Good Hope, an answer is easy—he sent them from his fleets and settlements in the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, or Indian Ocean, Tyre being a kingdom of vast commercial enterprise, and of necessary consequence, of ships and colonies.—C.
a Ge.10.29. 1 Ki.9.28; 10.11; 22.48. 1 Ch.29.4. Job 22.24; 28.16. Ps.45.9. Is.13.12.
b Of which 420 were clear gain, 1 Ki.9.28.
Notes
[Ver. 4. There can be little doubt that the city here mentioned is identical with the far-famed Palmyra of classic history, and the Tadmor of the modern Arabs. The position of the city bears some resemblance to that of Damascus. It lies along the base of a white limestone ridge, through which a deep glen cuts opposite the ruins. A sulphureous fountain bursts from a cliff, runs eastward, watering gardens and orchards of palms and pomegranates, and disappears in a salt marsh. On the undulating ground along the left or northern bank of this streamlet lie the ruins of Tadmor. On the east and south a desert plain, not of sand however, as is usually stated, extends to the horizon. Solomon was a commercial monarch. A secure route for the caravans that imported to his little kingdom the treasures of India, Persia, and Mesopotamia was of great importance; he therefore built Tadmor in the wilderness. Its situation, about midway between the Euphrates and Syria, and its copious fountain, made it a fit spot for the establishment of a commercial depôt and resting place. It was during the splendid period of Roman rule in the East that most of the temples and palaces which now adorn Palmyra were built. P.]
Reflections.—In the most profound peace we had need to prepare for war, spiritual or temporal. It is an honour for kings to manifest the utmost regard to their subjects. How certainly, however slowly, Noah's curse of servitude fixes at last upon the descendants of Canaan! They become slaves to the offspring of Shem through the influence of the Lord his God. It is necessary to set bounds to our desires after created things, as they are apt to become inordinate and insatiable. It is no less necessary to keep up proper distinctions between things sacred and common. And we shall find difficulty therein if we ally ourselves in marriage, or in any other way, with the ungodly. What an excellent foundation, for even external prosperity, is a prudent and active zeal for, and constant attendance on, the worship of God! But, alas! how great the folly that, while men will risk and do so much for earthly treasures, so little is done to obtain the riches which endure for ever!
Measures in square brackets are modern equivalents added for this edition. They are not in the King James text or in Brown’s notes. They use common scholarly estimates: a cubit is about 45.7 cm (18 in), a shekel about 11.4 g (0.4 oz), an ephah about 22 litres. Money values give the worth of the silver or gold at spot prices on 28 October 2026, not what the sum would buy in the ancient world.