The Book of Nehemiah
Nehemiah 7
Chapter VII · Vol. II, pp. 913–915
1 Nehemiah committeth the charge of Jerusalem to Hanani and Hananiah. 5 A register found of the genealogy of them which came at the first out of Babylon, 9 of the people, 39 of the priests, 43 of the Levites, 46 of the Nethinims, 57 of the children of Solomon's servants, 63 and of the priests which could not show their pedigree. 66 The whole number of them, with their substance. 70 Their oblations.
1 Now it came to pass, when the awall was built, and I had set up the doors, and the porters, and the singers, and the Levites, bwere appointed,1
a ch.3.1-32; 6.1.
b ch.12.27.
1 The second clause of this verse may be translated as follows: 'And there were appointed porters both the singers and the Levites;' i.e. those whose ordinary duty was to conduct the regular service and ritual of the temple, were now, in a time of great emergency, required to guard the city walls and gates.—P.
2 That I gave my brother cHanani, and Hananiah the ruler of the dpalace, charge over Jerusalem: (for he was a efaithful man, and ffeared God above many:)2
3 And I said unto them, gLet not the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun be hot; and while they stand by, let them shut the doors, and bar them:3 and appoint watches of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, every one in his watch, and every one to be over against his house.
A.M. 3559. B.C. 445.
g With ch.13.19. Ps.127.1; 112.5. Pr.14.15. Mat.10.16. Ep.5.15,16. 1 Co.16.13.
3 Most eastern towns are walled, and the gates are regularly closed about sunset, and opened at sunrise; and seldom opened during the night, unless upon special emergencies, and for persons of great distinction.—C.
4 Now the city was hlarge and great: but the people were few therein, and the houses were inot builded.
5 And my God kput into mine heart to gather together the nobles, and the rulers, and the people, that they might be reckoned by genealogy: and I found a register4 of the genealogy of them which came up at the first, and found written therein,
6 Thesel are the children of the province that went up out of the captivity, of those that had been carried away, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away, and came again to Jerusalem and to Judah, every one unto his city;
l Ezr.2.1, &c. Of Judea.
7 Who came with mZerubbabel, nJeshua, Nehemiah, oAzariah, Raamiah, Nahamani,5 Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispereth, Bigvai, Nehum, Baanah. The number, I say, of the men of the people of Israel was this;6
8 The children7 of pParosh, two thousand an hundred seventy and two.
7 Here is an account of the heads of the several families that first came up. Though it seem of little use to us now, yet then it was of great use, to compare what they had been with what they now were. We may suppose they were much increased by this time; but it would do well for them to remember their small beginnings, that they might acknowledge God in multiplying their families, and building them up. By this means likewise their genealogies would be preserved, and the destination of their families kept up, till Messiah should come, and then an end be put to all their genealogies, which were preserved for his sake, but afterwards were useless.—I.
11 The children of sPahath-moab, of the children of Jeshua and Joab, two thousand and eight hundred and eighteen.9
19 The children of cBigvai, two thousand threescore and seven.6
6 In Ezr. 2056. C.—Some MSS. read 2056, as in Ezr. 2. 14. Referring to the discrepancies between the two accounts, Scott remarks, 'that should any conjecture that some ancient copyist had inserted the wrong register, and that his mistake had been generally followed, the very conclusion would show that such alterations are almost always liable to detection; and no reasonable man would think it the least objection to the divine inspiration of the sacred Scriptures.' The same commentator suggests this reflection on the laudable conduct of Nehemiah:—'Provision is made in the gospel and in the city of our God for far greater numbers than have yet been enrolled citizens; we should therefore be devising means for replenishing it with inhabitants, as well as for building its walls.'—I.
29 The men of nKirjath-jearim, Chephirah, and Beeroth, seven hundred forty and three.
n Or, Kirjath-arim, Ezr.2.25. Jos.9.17; 15.60; 18.25,26. 1 Sa.7.1,2.
30 The men of oRamah and Gaba, six hundred twenty and one.
o Ezr.2.26. Jos.18.24,25.
36 The children of uJericho, three hundred forty and five.
u Ezr.2.34. Jos.6.1. 1 Ki.16.34.
38 The children of ySenaah,3 three thousand nine hundred and thirty.
y Ezr.2.35.
3 In Ezra, 3630. The children of Magbish, 157 (Ezr. 2. 30), are wanting in Nehemiah's register.—C.
40 The children of aImmer, a thousand fifty and two.
a Ezr.2.37; 10.20. 1 Ch.24.14.
43 Thed Levites: the children of Jeshua, of Kadmiel, and of the children of eHodevah, seventy and four.
45 The gporters: the children of Shallum, the children of Ater, the children of Talmon, the children of Akkub, the children of Hatita, the children of Shobai, an hundred thirty and eight.5
g Ezr.2.42. 1 Ch. xxvi.; 9.14,17. ch.12.25; 11.19.
5 In Ezra, 139.—C.
48 The children of Lebana, the children of Hagaba, the children of kShalmai,6
k Or, Shamlai, Ezr.2.46.
6 There are some families named here which are not in Ezra, as in ver. 22, and ver. 48, 49, 51, 52, which are all omitted in Ezra. For it must be considered that one of these accounts was taken by Ezra in Babylon, the other by Nehemiah in Judea. And therefore it is no wonder that a greater number are sometimes mentioned in Nehemiah than in Ezra, for in the first account that was taken of them many were ignorant of their genealogy; but before the last, the book of their genealogy was found. Lightfoot remarks, that the matter is to be apprehended thus: 'That Nehemiah found that list of those that came up in the first of Cyrus, as it was taken then, and that he called over the names of the families as they lay in order there. He observed the order of that list in calling and listing them.'—I.
49 The children of Hanan, the children of Giddel, the children of Gahar,
50 The children of Reaiah, the children of Rezin, the children of Nekoda,
51 The children of Gazzam, the children of Uzza, the children of Phaseah,
52 The children of Besai, the children of Meunim, the children of lNephishesim,
A.M. 3559. B.C. 445.
l Nephusim, Ezr.2.50.
53 The children of Bakbuk, the children of Hakupha, the children of Harhur,
55 The children of Barkos, the children of Sisera, the children of Tamah,
56 The children of Neziah, the children of Hatipha.
57 The nchildren of Solomon's servants: the children of Sotai, the children of Sophereth, the children of Perida,
n Ezr.2.55-57. 1 Ki.9.21. ch.11.3.
58 The children of Jaala, the children of Darkon, the children of Giddel,
59 The children of Shephatiah, the children of Hattil, the children of Pochereth of Zebaim, the children of oAmon.
o Or, Ami, Ezr.2.57.
60 Allp the Nethinims and the children of Solomon's servants were three hundred ninety and two.
p Ezr.2.58. ch.11.3. ver.57.
61 Andq these were they which went up also from Tel-melah, Tel-haresha, Cherub, Addon, and Immer; but they could not show their father's house, nor their seed,6 whether they were of Israel.
q Ezr.1.59,60.
6 Or, pedigree.
62 The children of Delaiah, the children of Tobiah, the children of Nekoda, six hundred forty and two.7
7 In Ezra, 652.—Note, These variations, so far from forming any a priori evidence against the divine inspiration and authority of Ezra and Nehemiah, afford, on the contrary, the strongest evidence, at least, of their integrity. Had they been forming a 'cunningly devised fable,' the one would have minutely copied the other; but as truth was the object of both, each copied the register he formed or found (see ch. 7. 5), and each was correct, according to the time and place at which it was taken, varying, as the one refers to leaving Babylon, the other to arriving at Jerusalem, but agreeing when the genealogical and congregational families were summed up together, and thus amounting to 42,360.—C.
63 And rof the priests: the children of Habaiah, the children of Koz, the children of Barzillai, (which took one of the daughters of Barzillais the Gileadite to wife, and was called after their name,)
r Ezr.2.61-63.
s 2 Sa.17.27; 19.31. 1 Ki.2.7.
64 These sought their register among those that were reckoned by genealogy, but it was not found: therefore were they, as polluted, put from the priesthood.
65 And tthe Tirshatha8 said unto them, that they should not eat of the most holy things till there stood up a priest with uUrim and Thummim.
t Or, the governor, ch.8.9; 10.1. Ezr.2.63.
8 It is the opinion of Jacobus Capellus, that Zerubbabel is here meant by the Tirshatha. Whosoever he was, he expresses his hope that God might in time restore the Urim and Thummim (as he had done the nation), and so give answer about obscure and difficult matters, as he had done in former ages. But till then these priests were not admitted to partake of the most holy things, because it did not appear by good proof that they were of the family of the priests; and not to appear, and not to be, are the same thing in law. But the Talmudists, as the same person observes, interpret these words as if it had been said, Till the dead rise, or till the Messiah come. For after the first temple was destroyed the cities of the Levites, with their suburbs, were wanting, and so were Urim and Thummim, and the kings of the house of Judah (Patrick). The expression is by many understood as amounting to a perpetual prohibition, as if the Tirshatha had said that they should never eat of the most holy things.—I.
66 The xwhole congregation together was forty and two thousand three hundred and threescore;
x Ezr.2.64-70, with 1 Ch.21.5. 2 Ch.17.14-18. Je.23.3; 31.7.
67 Besides their yman-servants and their maid-servants, of whom there were seven thousand three hundred thirty and seven; and they had two hundred forty and five singing-men and singing-women.
68 Their horses, seven hundred thirty and six; their mules, two hundred forty and five;
69 Their camels, four hundred thirty and five; six thousand seven hundred and twenty asses.
70 Andz some9 ofa the chief of the fathers gave unto the work. The bTirshatha gave to the treasure a thousand drams of gold, fifty basons, five hundred and thirty priests' garments.
A.M. 3559. B.C. 445.
z What follows is different from Ezr.2.68-70.
9 Heb. part.
a 1 Ch.29.3,6,9. 2 Co.8.3,12; 7.9.
b ch.10.1.
71 And some of the chief of the fathers gave to the treasure of the work1 twenty thousand drams of gold, and two thousand and two hundred pound of silver.2
1 The whole oblation amounted to about £60,000 sterling.
2 Ezra (Ezr.2.69) estimates the donations of the chieftains at 61,000 drams of gold, 5000 pounds of silver, but mentions no contribution from the Tirshatha or people. These differences, however, are no contradictions, but differ merely as all running accounts must do when taken at different periods.—C.
72 And that which cthe rest of the people gave was twenty thousand drams of gold, and two thousand pound of silver, and threescore and seven priests' garments.
Notes
Reflections.—The worship and service of God ought always to be preferred to our civil concerns, however important; and with great care ought princes and other rulers to make choice of their deputies: if possible they should fix upon such as are faithful and eminently fear God. Happy even amidst dangers are the cities and nations which have such to rule and protect them. Great caution is necessary for our own and the church's safety when we have traitors amongst and within us: and every man's family ought to be his immediate concern. He has need to watch over them night and day that he may preserve them from the destroyer. Important records should be preserved, as they may be of use afterwards. But woe to those who, having given their names to the Lord, afterwards look back and return to the world! though God will compensate the loss of them to his church in the accession of others.