The Book of the Prophet Jeremiah
Jeremiah 11
Chapter XI · Vol. III, pp. 1245–1246
1 Jeremiah proclaimeth God's covenant, 8 rebuketh the Jews' disobeying thereof, 11 prophesieth evils to come upon them, 18 and upon the men of Anathoth, for conspiring to kill Jeremiah.
1 The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD, saying,
2 Heara ye the words of this covenant, and speak unto the men of Judah, and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem;
3 And say thou unto them, bThus saith the LORD God of Israel, cCursed be the man that obeyeth not the words of this dcovenant,
b 1 Co.11.23. ch.31.1,2; 29.4,8,25. 1 Th.2.13.
c De.27.26. Ga.3.10; 1.8. 1 Co.16.22. De.28.15-68; 29.20-27. Ro.2.8,9.
4 Which I commanded your fathers in the day that I brought them forth out of the land of Egypt, from the eiron furnace, saying, gObey my voice, and do them, according to all which I command you: so shall ye be my people, and I will be your God;
5 That I may perform the hoath which I have sworn unto your fathers, to give them a land flowing with milk and honey, as it is this day.1 Then answered I, and said, So be it,2 O LORD.
h De.7.12,13; 18.18; 6.3; 11.9; 9.5. Ps.105.8-11. Le.20.24. Ex.3.6-8,17. Ge.17.8.
1 The prophetic warning came while all was prosperous, and there was, as yet, no shadow of the approaching calamities.—C.
2 Heb. Amen, De.27.15-26. 1 Co.14.16.
6 Then the LORD said unto me, iProclaim all these words in the cities of Judah, and in the streets of Jerusalem, saying, Hear ye the words of this covenant, and jdo them.
7 For kI earnestly protested unto your fathers, in the day that I brought them up out of the land of Egypt, even unto this day, rising early and protesting, saying, Obey my voice.
k ch.7.13,25. Ex.15.25,26; 19.5,6; xx.-xxiv. xxxiv. Le.xxvi. De.iv.-xxx. Jos.xxiii. xxiv. &c. Zec.7.7. He.1.1.
8 Yetl they obeyed not, nor inclined their ear, but walked every one in the imagination3 of their evil heart: therefore nI will bring upon them all the words of this covenant,4 which I commanded them to do; but they did them not.
l ch.7.24. Ju.ii. 2 Ki.xvii. xvi. xxi. Ps.lxxvii. cvi. Is.lviii. lix. Eze.xvi. xx. xxii. xxiii.
3 Or, stubbornness, ch.7.24; 3.17; 9.14.
4 Special reference is here made to what is recorded in Le. xxvi. and in De. xxviii.-xxx. There the law of God is very emphatically enjoined upon the nation. Blessings are promised in case of obedience, and curses are threatened in case of disobedience. The Lord bore with the sins of the people during many centuries; but the time had at length come when mercy must give place to justice. 'I will bring upon them all the words of this covenant.'—The prophetic judgments threatened in case of transgression formed part of the covenant, and these were now about to be executed.—P.
9 And the LORD said unto me, oA conspiracy is found among the men of Judah, and among the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
10 They are turned back to pthe iniquities of their forefathers, which refused to hear my words; and they went after other gods to serve them: qthe house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken my covenant, which I made with their fathers.
A.M. cir. 3396. B.C. cir. 608.
q 2 Ki.17.7-23. Eze.xvi. xx. xxiii. Is.v. lix.
p Ne.9.16-30. Ju.2.11-20. Ps.78.10-58; 106.6-39. Eze.xx. xvi.
11 Therefore thus saith the LORD, rBehold, I will bring evil upon them, which they shall not be able to escape;5 and sthough they shall cry unto me, I will not hearken unto them.6
r ch.9.9,11,15,16,22; 15.1-9. Mi.3.11,12. Am.2.14.
5 Heb. go forth of.
s Pr.1.28. Is.1.15. ch.14.12. Eze.8.18. Zec.7.13. Mi.3.4. Ps.18.41.
6 Because the cry would be prompted by fear, not by repentance. The people had despised divine promises, warnings, and threats. They had lived and acted as rebels against the just and merciful rule of their heavenly King until vengeance began to be executed; then, moved by fear, they might cry for help; but their cry would be uttered in vain.—P.
12 Then shall the cities of Judah, and inhabitants of Jerusalem, go and cry tunto the gods unto whom they offer incense: but they shall not save them at all in the time of their trouble.7
t ch.2.28. De.32.37,38. Ju.10.14. Is.45.20.
7 Heb. evil.
13 For uaccording to the number of thy cities were thy gods, O Judah; and according to the number of the streets of Jerusalem have ye set up altars to that shameful thing,8 even altars to burn incense unto Baal.
u ch.2.20,28. De.32.16,17. Is.2.8. ch.3.1,2; 19.5; 32.35. 2 Ki.21.4,5.
8 Heb. shame.
14 Therefore vpray not thou for this people, neither lift up a cry or prayer for them: for I will not hear them in the time that they cry unto me for their 9trouble.1
v ch.7.16; 14.11; 15.1. Ex.32.10. 1 Jn.5.16. Eze.14.14,20.
9 Heb. evil.
1 God refuses to hear; because though they cry in their 'trouble,' they do not cry for their sin.—C.
15 What2 hath xmy beloved yto do in mine house,3 seeing she hath zwrought lewdness with many, and the aholy flesh4 is passed from thee? when thou doest evil,5 thenb thou rejoicest.
2 Heb. What is to my beloved in my house?
x ch.2.2; 3.14; 12.7. Ho.3.1. Ro.11.28.
y Mat.22.11. Ps.50.16. ch.7.7-11. Is.1.11-15; 66.3. Pr.15.8; 21.4,27; 28.9.
3 What prayer or offering hath 'my beloved' (see ch.12.7), my once espoused church, any claim in her trouble to offer in my house? Pr.1.24-32.—C.
a Hag.2.12-14. Tit.1.15. ch.2.21.
4 'Shall vows and holy (consecrated) flesh (of a sacrifice) be allowed to come from thee?'—Blayney.
5 Or, when thy evil is.
16 The LORD called thy name, cA green olive-tree, fair, and of goodly fruit; dwith the noise of a great tumult he hath kindled fire upon it, and the branches of it are broken.
17 For the LORD of hosts ethat planted thee ghath pronounced evil against thee, for the evil of the house of Israel, and of the house of Judah, which they have done against themselves, to provoke me to anger, in offering incense unto Baal.
18 And the LORD hhath given me knowledge of it, and I know it: then thou showedst me their doings.6
h ver.19. Eze.8.6,&c.; 33.30. 1 Sa.23.11,12. 2 Ki.6.9,10. Mat.2.13.
6 The Lord hath given me knowledge of a conspiracy in Anathoth against my life. See ver.21.—C.
19 But I was ilike a lamb, or an ox, that is brought to the slaughter; and I knew not that jthey had devised devices against me, saying, kLet us destroy the tree with the fruit7 thereof, and let us cut him off from the land of the living, that his name may be no more remembered.
i Not as Is.53.7, but as Pr.7.22.
j ch.18.18; 20.10. Ps.37.12. Mat.2.8,16. Ps.83.4; 41.5.
k Lu.20.10-15.
7 Heb. the stalk with his bread, i.e. his person, that his prophecies may not trouble us.
20 But, O LORD of hosts, lthat judgest righteously, that ntriest the reins and the heart, olet me see8 thy vengeance on them; pfor unto thee have I revealed my cause.
l Ps.7.8; 11.7; 18.20,24; 35.24; 98.9. Ge.18.25.
n 1 Sa.16.7. 1 Ch.28.9. Ps.7.9. ch.17.10; 20.12. Re.2.23. Jn.2.25.
o ch.15.15; 20.12; 17.18; 18.21-23. 2 Ti.4.14. 1 Pe.2.23. ver.22,23.
A.M. cir. 3396. B.C. cir. 608.
8 Let me see, or 'I shall see.' But, though the word will bear it, there is no necessity for the change of translation—inasmuch as the prophet neither prays nor prophesies in wrath; but commits his case, in faith, into the hands of a righteous and merciful God. See Ps.5.10; 35.8. Query: May not the persecution of the prophets, and specially of Jeremiah, be considered as types of the persecutions of our Lord, the chief of prophets?—C.
p Ps.57.1.
21 Therefore thus saith the LORD of the men of Anathoth that qseek thy life, saying, rProphesy not in the name of the LORD, that sthou die not by our hand:
22 Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts, Behold, I will tpunish9 them; the young men shall die by the sword, their sons and their daughters shall die by famine;
t 2 Ch.36.16. Mat.23.35. 1 Th.2.15,16. ch.9.21; 18.21.
9 Heb. visit upon.
Notes
Ver. 15, 16. What have the Jewish nation, whom I once so dearly loved and cherished, now to do in my temple, when they are so abandoned to idolatries, and when their sacrifices, which were once holy, are rendered detestable because of their obstinacy and joy in wickedness? I once made them outwardly flourishing and prosperous, and put them into a capacity to do much good, but now they shall be destroyed by the furious Chaldeans.
Ver. 4. From the iron furnace. A slight examination of the wonderful relics of their labour and skill will show that the Egyptians must have been well supplied with iron tools. And the allusion here, and in De. 4. 20, renders it highly probable that they were acquainted with the preparation of iron from the ore, and that the Israelites were condemned to work at their furnaces. C.
Ver. 6. The prophet, it appears, was commanded to itinerate as a preacher of righteousness from city to city, and, as is customary in milder climates, to preach in the public streets. C.
Ver. 13. The Israelites had adopted the custom of Egypt, where every city had its own peculiar tutelary deities, besides the national gods that were worshipped in common—a system of which it is melancholy to behold the exact reflected image in the tutelary saints assigned by the Church of Rome to countries, cities, families, or individuals. C.
Reflections.—God greatly loves true holiness; and abundant, but gracious, are his rewards of it. The saints of God delightfully consent to his transactions of grace, but especially to the better promise made with men in Christ, and established upon better promises than the national covenant which God made with Israel. But it is hard to make unregenerate men have so much as a semblance of holiness; on the contrary, they are ready deliberately and obstinately to combine against the Lord their God. But if they will not be ruled by his law, they must be destroyed by his curse. And dreadful is their case for whom prayer cannot avail: God will not, and idols cannot, help. Neither present devotions nor the past favours of God can profit them. Faithful ministers are often barbarously rewarded by those who should be their protectors. And none have been more malicious persecutors than profane clergymen. But if God preserve and vindicate his servants, they may possess their souls in patience, and continue their faithfulness. And, alas! wretched will be the condition of those who have injured them when God rises up to punish.